Social Media Use and Self-Esteem as Predictors of Body Image Dissatisfaction among Young Adults in University of Nigeria, Nsukka

Abstract

Constant interaction with peers and exposure to online and offline media can influence one's
apparent discontent with one's body parts. Such body discontentment has currently
generated a lot of research interest demanding further exploration. Using a cross-sectional
design, this study investigated the predictive role of social media use and self-esteem on
body image dissatisfaction. The sample comprised of 542 (25.6% male and 74.4% female)
young adults in the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, whose ages ranged from 18-29 years (M
= 21.84, SD = 2.77). They were recruited using convenience sampling technique. Social
Networking Usage Questionnaire (SNUQ), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and a combination
of the Appearance Evaluation (AE) and the Body areas Satisfaction Scale (BASS), subscales
of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire–Appearance Scales were used to
measure social media, self-esteem, and body image dissatisfaction, respectively. The results
of multiple regression analysis showed that social media use was a significant positive
predictor of body image dissatisfaction (β= .56, p<.001) while self-esteem was not. These
results suggest that unchecked use of social media might lead to adverse consequences and
a harmful approach to body care.